See what the weather is usually like, anywhere, in any month

Leidora is an interactive climate map for planning trips. Pick a month and see temperature, rain, sunlight, clear sky, snow and sea temperature across every land area on Earth, with a beach score for the coast and a sightseeing score for cities. Tap any place for its whole year in one chart.

Open the map

What you can do with it

Weather by month, on one map

Switch between average temperature, daily highs and nightly lows, rain, snow and sunlight, and step through the twelve months to watch the seasons move.

Where the clouds are

The clear-sky layer shows how much of a cloudless day's sunshine actually arrives: darker means more cloud, and clear skies leave the map uncovered.

Any place, its whole year

Tap a spot to see its typical day and night temperature, rain and sunshine, with a twelve-month chart that shows the best time to visit.

A beach score with sea temperature

A 0–100 score for the coast that weighs the water first, then the afternoon heat, rain and clear sky. A sunny coast with a cold sea scores low.

A sightseeing score for city trips

A 0–100 score for exploring a city on foot: the afternoon as it feels with the humidity, then rain, cloud and wind. Humid heat and deep cold score low.

Monthly guides

Twelve pages, one per month, rank the coasts with the best beach weather, worldwide and by continent. Countries under a UK government warning against travel are left out.

Compare up to four places

Shortlist places and see them side by side, month by month.

HD detail

Switch to the 11 km grid to see mountains, coasts and islands sharply. Zoom in and each cell's outline shows the area its value covers.

Links that open where you were

The address carries the month, the layer, the map position and the place you opened, so a link shows the other person the same view.

How the beach score works

35%Sea: full marks at 22–28 °C
30%Air: the afternoon high, full marks at 27–32 °C, corrected against coastal weather stations
20%Rain: no penalty up to 1.5 mm a day
15%Clear sky: full marks from 90%

The parts are multiplied, not added, so one weak part pulls the whole score down: a perfect sky cannot rescue an 18 °C sea. Scores fall into classes from Poor to Excellent (90 and above); below 30 is Unsuitable. Only cells on the coast get one.

The ideal afternoon, 27–32 °C, is what beach tourists named in a survey of northern Europeans (Rutty & Scott, Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development 2010). The weights and the sea, rain and sun ranges are ours, tuned against places with a known beach season.

How the sightseeing score works

40%Comfort: the afternoon high as it feels with the humidity, best at 23–25 °C
30%Rain: full marks when dry
20%Sky: a few clouds rate best
10%Wind: a light breeze rates best

It is the Holiday Climate Index for cities, HCI:Urban (Scott, Rutty, Amelung & Tang, Atmosphere 2016), whose ratings come from surveys of what tourists say they prefer. Its classes run from Marginal to Ideal (90 and above); below 40 is Unacceptable.

We changed two things to use it on a world map. Humid heat counts as hotter, and dry heat no longer as cooler than the air: half the US National Weather Service heat index (Rothfusz 1990), at the humidity of the afternoon. And a month cannot score more than its temperature allows, after the Climate Index for Tourism (de Freitas, Scott & McBoyle 2008), so a clear −40 °C winter no longer rates like a mild one.

We checked it against 21 reference cities month by month, from Paris to Yakutsk: dry seasons beat monsoons, winter beats summer in the Gulf. On monthly averages it reads about 10 points kinder than the paper's own day-by-day figures for Paris, so the order of months is reliable and the labels are on the generous side. Air pollution is not part of it. The data is ERA5-Land and ERA5 (Copernicus / ECMWF).

Where to go, month by month

Questions

Where does the data come from?

From ECMWF's ERA5-Land climate reanalysis on a 0.1° grid, averaged over 2011–2025; daily max/min 2016–2024 (5 selected years); sea temperature and clear sky come from ERA5 at 0.25°. It is what a typical month looks like, not a forecast or any single year.

Is this a weather forecast?

No. Leidora shows long-term averages, for planning trips weeks or months ahead. For the next few days, use a forecast.

How precise is a value for one town?

Each value is an average over a grid cell about 11 km (HD) or 22 km across, so it describes the area's climate, not one street or one beach.

Who makes Leidora?

Lubomír Tomány, as a hobby project. The name comes from Old Norse leið, the course a journey takes, as in lodestar, the star that guides it.